The Distinctive Banjar Art of Balamut

Abstract

Local wisdom encompasses noble values believed to be true and upheld within the social order of local communities, with the aim of protecting and sustainably managing the environment. One manifestation of local wisdom in the form of oral tradition art is Lamut, a solo performance art originating from the Banjar people in South Kalimantan. Lamut centers its main character in the narrative and has grown and developed alongside its supporting community. Furthermore, the art of Balamut, a distinctive oral cultural heritage of the Banjar community, uniquely combines elements of storytelling, music, and Islamic values. This performance is generally presented by a pelamut (storyteller) who conveys hikayat (epic tales) or local legends in a distinctive narrative style, accompanied by traditional musical instruments such as the rebana (a type of frame drum). Nevertheless, this oral tradition art is beginning to face the threat of extinction. Therefore, this research aims to comprehensively describe the art of Lamut/Balamut, including its form, function, and the cultural values it embodies, identify the factors contributing to its threatened extinction, and elaborate on preservation efforts amidst the currents of modernization. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques including literature study, interviews, and direct observation. The analysis reveals that this art form, believed to have originated in China and integrated into the art of the Banjar community, functions not only as entertainment but also as a medium for moral education and the dissemination of Islamic teachings. Although its existence is beginning to erode due to the progress of time, revitalization efforts by local communities and regional governments are starting to show positive results in maintaining the existence of this art form. This study is expected to contribute to the preservation of local culture and strengthen the cultural identity of the Banjar community.